Abstract

In the literature, many research results uncover the failure of change initiatives in various organizations. In the meantime, due to the rapid turbulance of environment, no organization can get away from initiating changes, no organization can avoid or resist changes. In order to survive, grow and succeed, an organization must skillfully design and manage the change process for it to be effective for the sake of the organization. This article elicits common factors that drive organizations to change, common resistance to change, and tactics to overcome resistance to change. Also in this article are summaries of steps theoretically formulated by experts and steps implemented by a practitioner that brought his company to a great success. The basic change model which was developed a long time ago, and forgotten for a long time, now seems to be very useful. This article also discusses why the change process that brings an organization to succeed is no guarantee that applying exactly the same process in other organizations will bring those organizations to succeed.

Key words

Planned change, first-order change, second-order change, change agent